Insights from a Veterinarian’s Experience

As a licensed veterinarian practicing in Texas for over a decade, I’ve had the privilege of working with countless small-breed dogs, and Pomeranians have always held a special place in my practice. Their tiny size, fluffy coat, and lively personality make them a joy to care for—but these same traits can make them vulnerable to specific health issues that owners often underestimate.

One of the first things I always tell new Pomeranian owners is that their dogs’ small size doesn’t make them fragile in the same way toys might be, but it does make them prone to specific problems, particularly dental and heart-related conditions.

I remember a customer last spring who brought in her four-year-old Pomeranian, worried because he seemed lethargic and was panting more than usual. A quick exam revealed early-stage heart disease—a condition that, if caught later, can be much more challenging to manage.

Dental Problems and Their Ripple Effect

Pomeranians are notorious for dental issues. Their tiny mouths often don’t provide enough space for all their teeth, leading to crowding, plaque buildup, and ultimately gum disease. In my experience, over 70% of Pomeranians aged five or older exhibit some form of dental disease.

I recently had a patient, a seven-year-old Pomeranian, whose chronic bad breath had been ignored for months. When we examined him under anesthesia, we found significant tartar and even early tooth root infections. Regular brushing, dental chews, and professional cleanings are not optional—they are essential. I’ve seen Pomeranians thrive simply by instituting a solid dental routine early.

Patellar Luxation: The Kneecap Problem

Another common issue in this breed is patellar luxation, where the kneecap dislocates from its normal position. Some Pomeranians show mild symptoms, like skipping steps while walking, while others may experience severe pain or even arthritis if left untreated. I recall a young Pomeranian I treated, barely a year old, whose owners thought she was just clumsy.

She had a grade II luxation, and after conservative management with joint supplements and weight control, she improved significantly. In more severe cases, surgical intervention becomes necessary, but early recognition often prevents long-term damage.

Tracheal Collapse and Breathing Concerns

Small breeds, such as Pomeranians, are also susceptible to tracheal collapse. I’ve often observed dogs arriving with a persistent “honking” cough, particularly when excited or when pulling on a leash. A customer once asked me if it was just “cute” or normal for her Pomeranian to cough this way—it wasn’t. Using a combination of X-rays, careful physical examination, and, in some cases, a mild sedative to get a better look, we identified mild tracheal collapse.

With proper harness use, weight management, and sometimes medication, these dogs can live comfortably without surgery. However, ignoring the cough can worsen respiratory distress.

Skin and Coat Issues

Pomeranians are double-coated, and their luxurious fur can mask underlying skin problems. Allergies, mites, and fungal infections are common. I remember a Pomeranian who had recurring bald spots around her neck. At first glance, the owner assumed it was just normal shedding.

But after a detailed skin scraping and allergy panel, we discovered a combination of flea allergy dermatitis and environmental allergies. Targeted treatment, along with regular grooming, made a huge difference, and the dog’s coat came back full and shiny within months.

Weight Management and Nutritional Needs

Despite their small size, Pomeranians can easily become overweight, which exacerbates joint, heart, and respiratory problems. I often find that owners underestimate how much food is appropriate. I’ve had patients whose owners were generous with treats, thinking their tiny size meant “they need it.”

In reality, proper portioning, high-quality protein, and regular weight monitoring can prevent a host of secondary health issues.

Practical Advice from My Practice

Over the years, I’ve learned that proactive care is far more effective than reactive treatment for Pomeranians. Some practical steps I recommend to owners based on real cases I’ve handled include:

• Routine veterinary check-ups: Even yearly exams can catch early signs of heart, kidney, or dental disease.
• Consistent dental care: Brushing, professional cleanings, and dental-friendly treats can prevent serious oral health problems.
• Weight and activity monitoring: Keeping them active while preventing obesity reduces strain on joints and the heart.
• Observation of gait and breathing: Early signs of patellar luxation or tracheal collapse are subtle but noticeable.
• Skin and coat care: Regular grooming helps detect allergies or infections before they become severe.

In my experience, Pomeranians are resilient, but their health challenges are real. I’ve seen dogs thrive for over a decade when owners are attentive to these breed-specific issues. By paying close attention to dental health, joint stability, respiratory care, and skin conditions—and seeking professional guidance early—you give your Pomeranian the best chance at a long, happy life.